Garcinia, also known as Garcinia Cambogia or Mangosteen Oil tree,
contains a biologically active compound which is known to inhibit the
synthesis of lipids and fatty acids and lower the formation of LDL and
triglycerides. Garcinia also contains significant amounts of Vitamin C
and has been used as a heart tonic. Research suggests that this
natural extract may also inhibit the conversion of excess calories to
body fat. Additionally, appetite is also suppressed by promoting
synthesis of glycogen. Glycogen is the stored form of glucose, one of
the body's primary sources of energy. Increased glycogen production
and storage is the body's normal way of signaling the brain's satiety
centre that enough food has been eaten. This has made Garcinia a very
effective herbal medicine for controlling obesity and cholesterol. It
is a well established fat burning agent all over the world and is
currently becoming a rage in America, Japan, Europe and many other
western nations. It is recommended as a dieting aid supported by
exercise and a balanced nutritional diet.
Garcinia cambogia has been
promoted for weight loss due to various possible effects on the body.
First, it is believed to interfere with the body’s ability to store
fat, possibly causing more fat from foods to be eliminated from the
body. In addition, Garcinia cambogia may cause the body to use
existing fat stores for energy during prolonged exercise. Ordinarily,
carbohydrates are used first during exercise. In animal studies,
hydroxycitric acid (HCA), a major component of Garcinia cambogia, also
seemed to reduce appetite by raising the amount of serotonin in the
body. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that is thought to affect
appetite control. In clinical studies of humans, however, individuals
who took Garcinia cambogia while following a weight-reduction diet had
no more weight loss than members of a control group who only followed
the same diet. Other human studies have mixed results on appetite
reduction; one showed little or no effect, while another reported a
15% to 30% decrease in food intake. More studies are needed to prove
or disprove the effectiveness of Garcinia cambogia in weight control.
HCA, or hydroxycitric acid, is a natural substance that is
extracted from the rind of the fruit of the Garcinia cambogia tree,
and has been extensively studied for over thirty years and found to be
effective in inhibiting lipogenesis, lowers the production of
cholesterol & fatty acids, increases the production of glycogen in the
liver, suppresses appetite, increases the body’s production of heat by
activating the process of thermogenesis, and encourages weight-loss in
laboratory animals. This acid is a natural compound that is similar to
citric acid found in other citrus fruits. A decoction of the fruit
rind is often given in support of rheumatism and bowel complaints.
There have been numerous studies lately that determined possible uses
of HCA for dieters or athletes. Research with animals has found that
HCA enhances weight loss by curbing the animal's appetites naturally,
and by modifying their metabolism so that they have less of a tendency
to convert carbohydrates to fat. Other studies have found that HCA
supplementation may decrease appetite and also inhibit the actions of
a specific enzyme in the liver called ATP Cytrate Lyase. This enzyme
is specifically responsible for the conversion of carbohydrates to
fat.
HCA exerts its anti-obesity effects through its inhibition of the
enzyme ATP citrate lyase, playing a critical role in energy storage,
and affecting the appetite. Appetite comes from feedback signals
between the stomach and brain, making you feel hungry. When you eat,
your food is reduced to the simple sugar glucose, which is then
converted into energy. When calorie intake exceeds the body’s energy
needs, the excess glucose is converted into glycogen, which is
stored in the liver and muscles for future conversion into energy.
Weight gain occurs after the body's capacity for glycogen storage is
reached. At this point, glucose from excessive calorie intake is
converted into acetyl coenzyme A via a metabolic pathway involving
ATP-citrate lyase and then into fat molecules which are stored in
fat cells. HCA inhibits this process by binding to ATP-citrate lyase
to reduce the production of acetyl coenzyme A, reducing the body’s
production of fat and cholesterol. HCA also increases the ability of
the liver and muscles to synthesize and store glycogen, thereby
suppressing appetite.